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Exercise causes a variety of psychophysical effects (eg, alterations in pain sensation). Tissue injury induces mediator releases in the spinal cord resulting in pain hypersensitivity; however, the contribution of the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) is poorly understood. In this study, we tested if forced treadmill running can attenuate postoperative pain and alter substance P (SP) or proinflammatory cytokine level in the DRG by using a rat model of skin/muscle incision and retraction (SMIR). We evaluated mechanical sensitivity to von Frey stimuli (6 and 15 g) and expression of SP, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6 in the DRG of sham-operated sedentary rats, SMIR sedentary rats, sham-operated rats with forced treadmill running, and SMIR rats with forced treadmill running. At postoperative day 8, trained rats ran for 5 days per week for 4 weeks on a treadmill 70 minutes/d with an intensity of 18 m/min. On postoperative day 6 …