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Study design:

Scoping review.

Objectives:

To gain a better understanding of the prevalence, course and association with age of secondary health conditions in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI).

Setting:

Seattle, Washington, USA.

Methods:

We performed searches of electronic databases for studies published from 1986–2011 that provided information regarding the prevalence, course or associations with age and duration of secondary health conditions in individuals with SCI.

Results:

Ninety-two studies were included. The findings indicate that:(1) individuals with SCI experience a number of secondary health conditions, many of which occur at a higher rate in those with SCI than the normative population;(2) the most common conditions or symptoms are pain, bowel and bladder regulation problems, muscle spasms, fatigue, esophageal symptom and osteoporosis;(3) a number of conditions, including cardiovascular …