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BackgroundFew South American studies have examined current prevalence rates of psychiatric disorders.AimsTo examine prevalence rates in a nationally representative adult population from Chile.MethodThe Composite International Diagnostic Interview was administered to a stratified random sample of 2978 individuals from four provinces representative of the country's population. Six-month and 1-month prevalence rates were estimated. Demographic correlates, comorbidity and service use were examined.ResultsNearly a fifth of the Chilean population had had a psychiatric disorder during the preceding 6 months. The 6-month and 1-month prevalence rates were 19.7% and 16.7% respectively. For the 6-month prevalence the five most common disorders were simple phobia, social phobia, agoraphobia, major depressive disorder and alcohol dependence. Less than 30% of those with any psychiatric diagnosis …