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Background

Negative affect is an important factor in the development and maintenance of anxiety and mood disorders. However, different components of negative affect may have distinct neural mechanisms and contribute uniquely to development of mental health symptoms.

Methods

Forty-three patients with depression and anxiety disorders (PT) and 40 healthy controls (HC) completed self-report measures of negative valence and underwent fMRI while exploring computer-simulated contexts with or without threat of unpredictable shock. Negative valence measures were analyzed using principal components analyses (PCA). Threat reactivity was assessed using self-reported anxiety (SA), skin conductance responses (SCR), exploratory behavior (EXP), and neural activity during the task. Voxel-wise, whole brain fMRI analyses were considered significant at p<. 005, corrected for multiple comparisons.

Results

PCA of …