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Muscle wasting is a common feature of inflammatory myopathies. Glucocorticoids (GCs), although effective at suppressing inflammation and inflammatory muscle loss, also cause myopathy with prolonged administration. 11β‐Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β‐HSD1) is a bidirectional GC‐activating enzyme that is potently upregulated by inflammation within mesenchymal‐derived tissues. We assessed the regulation of this enzyme with inflammation in muscle, and examined its functional impact on muscle. The expression of 11β‐HSD1 in response to proinflammatory stimuli was determined in a transgenic murine model of chronic inflammation (TNF‐Tg) driven by overexpression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)‐α within tissues, including muscle. The inflammatory regulation and functional consequences of 11β‐HSD1 expression were examined in primary cultures of human and murine myotubes and …