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Syphacia (Syphacia) brevicaudata sp. nov. is described from the desert rodents Pseudomys desertor Troughton, 1936 and P. hermannsburgensis (Waite, 1896); Syphacia (Syphacia) pseudomyos sp. nov. is described from P. hermannsburgensis from western Queensland and central Northern Territory, Australia. Syphacia (Syphacia) brevicaudata is distinguished from all other species of Syphacia by having a suite of characters including an oval, dorsally and ventrally constricted cephalic plate, no cervical alae, a relatively short tail and two pairs of post-anal papillae. Syphacia (Syphacia) pseudomyos is distinguished from all other species of Syphacia by having a suite of characters including an oval, dorsally and ventrally constricted cephalic plate, no cervical or lateral alae, one pair of post-anal papillae, a relatively short tail and large eggs. Females of a putative species were distinct due to the lack of a cephalic …