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Objective: To assess the impact of a percutaneous technique for pulmonary valve implantation on the conventional surgical valve/conduit approach to right ventricular outflow tract re-intervention. Methods: We have retrospectively reviewed our results following surgical or percutaneous re-intervention to the right ventricular outflow tract in both paediatric and adult groups. Between November 1998 and March 2004, 94 patients underwent surgical re-intervention to the right ventricular outflow tract. Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation was introduced in October 2002 and 35 procedures were performed to March 2004. The median age was 26 years (6–65 years) in the surgical group and 16 years (9–39 years) in the percutaneous group. Tetralogy of Fallot was the commonest original diagnosis (64.9 and 62.9%, respectively). The predominant indication for re-intervention in the surgical group was …