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This paper presents an automatic optic disc (OD) and fovea detection technique using an innovative super-elliptical filter (SEF). This filter is suitable for the detection of semi-elliptical convex shapes and as such it performs well for the OD localization. Furthermore, we introduce a setup for the simultaneous localization of the OD and fovea, in which the detection result of one landmark facilitates the detection of the other one. The evaluation is performed on 1200 images of the MESSIDOR dataset containing both normal and pathological cases of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and macular edema (ME). The proposed approach achieves success rates of 99.75 % and 98.87 % for the OD and fovea detection, respectively and outperforms or equals all known similar methods.