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In this study, silica oxide nanoparticles (SiO₂ NPs) and methyl-functionalized SiO₂ NPs were compared for their effects on the growth of Chlorella vulgaris, production of biomass, and lipid content. The synthesised nanoparticles were characterised by using techniques such as FTIR, XRD, UV-Vis, FESEM with EDX and TEM. The synthesised nanoparticles were used to enhance the gas-liquid interface areas, which increase the concentration of dissolved carbon dioxide in the growth medium in order to increase the accumulation of lipid content in C. vulgaris cultures. The most effective way to improve the gas-liquid interface area was to use SiO₂ NPs at a concentration of 0.3 wt%. The hydrophobic functional group methyl was added to the hydrophilic surfaces of SiO₂ NPs. Methyl-functionalized SiO₂ NPs improved the gas-liquid interface area more effectively than unmodified silica nanoparticles. The concentration of …