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Many organizations see software test automation as a solution to decrease testing costs and to reduce cycle time in software development. However, establishment of automated testing may fail if test automation is not applied in the right time, right context and with the appropriate approach.

The decisions on when and what to automate is important since wrong decisions can lead to disappointments and major wrong expenditures (resources and efforts). To support decision making on when and what to automate, researchers and practitioners have proposed various guidelines, heuristics and factors since the early days of test automation technologies. As the number of such sources has increased, it is important to systematically categorize the current state-of-the-art and -practice, and to provide a synthesized overview.

To achieve the above objective, we have performed a Multivocal Literature …