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Androgens are essential for development and differentiated function, as well as proliferation and survival of cells within the prostate gland. Age-related changes in the hormonal milieu, marked by a decrease in the serum androgen to estrogen ratio may contribute to the evolution of pathological changes, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia and carcinoma of the prostate gland, in older men. A similar phenomenon occurs in Brown Norway rats, in which the serum testosterone to estradiol ratio declines with age, and despite the lower serum testosterone level, age-dependent prostatic hyperplasia develops in the dorsal and lateral lobes, but not in the ventral lobe. To evaluate a role for changes in androgen action in the evolution of prostatic hyperplasia, we compared the immunostaining intensity of androgen receptor in the different prostate lobes from young (4 months of age) and old (24 months of age) Brown …