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Diagnosis of male infertility is essentially based on the evaluation of semen quality (sperm concentration, motility, viability, and morphology). However, there is a lack of knowledge about possible molecules used as candidates for the early identification of male infertility risk. Calprotectin is a biological marker for inflammation, measured prevalently in stool specimens, widely used to discriminate between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and for the subsequent monitoring of gastrointestinal diseases’ development. Would it be possible to use calprotectin determination to identify also male infertility risk?

Cross-sectional pilot study investigated calprotectin concentration in the seminal fluid of 45 men (range: 23–51 yrs) that were under evaluation for semen quality at our Center for Reproductive Medicine. Calprotectin concentration was determined with a …