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This paper describes a controlled way to immobilize gold nanoparticles on planar gold surfaces and the use of the resulting 3D platform to build up a 3D biosensor. The surface was first functionalized by grafting hexanedithiol, this molecule has 2 thiol end groups, which enables its chemical grafting to planar gold while retaining a free thiol group to attach nanoparticles. This step was optimized by varying experimental parameters such as solvent, temperature and immersion time. The grafting was monitored by polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The high resolution XPS sulfur peak made clear the existence of two contributions, S bound to gold and free S, thus led us to determine the optimal conditions to graft hexanedithiol in an extended conformation. 15nm spherical gold nanoparticles were then immobilized on the resulting …