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The collateral growth (arteriogenesis) of an individual may vary from complete to absent during the early phase of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the mechanisms underlying the large differences in the extent and adequacy of collateralization remain unclear. We hypothesized that shear stress-induced activation of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 could potently contribute to the development of coronary collaterals during the early phase of AMI.

We enrolled forty patients with AMI who did not receive reperfusion therapy within 24 h after the onset of chest pain and who also underwent coronary angiography (CAG) from 1 to 7 days after admission (mean duration: 3.6±2.2 days). The grades of the collateral development were angiographically defined and grouped according to the grade of collaterals as absent (score 0, n=20) or well-developed (score 2, n=20) collateral …