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Background

Glucagon-LikePeptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1 RAs) stimulate weight loss by increasing insulin release, decreasing glucagon production, delaying gastric emptying, and increasing satiety. Resulting nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, and distension in these patients are predictive of retention of gastric contents. Anecdotal reports suggest this delayed gastric emptying increases regurgitation and aspiration of gastric contents while patients are sedated. The aim of this study was to assess frequency of gastric content retention during upper endoscopy (EGD) and major adverse anesthesia-related events in patients taking GLP-1 RAs compared to patients not taking GLP-1 RAs.

Methods

All patients undergoing both an esophageal motility evaluation and EGD at a single large urban medical center between 1/2020 and 10/2023 were reviewed. Patients with prior foregut endoscopic or surgical interventions …