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Securing access to sustainable energy and ensuring local livelihoods and environmental conservation are three tightly interlinked policy objectives in many rural areas of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). However, the unsustainable extraction of fuelwood for household use and rural livelihoods can cause the degradation of important ecosystems. This chapter explores how some of the common livelihood activities in the coastal region of Guinea intersect with mangroves and upland forests. In particular, through household surveys, expert interviews and site observation, we identify the prevailing wood procurement and use practices for local household undertaking salt production, rice cultivation and wood logging. The results highlight the dependence of all groups on traditional biomass extracted from both mangrove and upland forests. Furthermore, all groups rely heavily on traditional and highly inefficient cooking …