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 An elite indica rice variety, ‘IR72’, was transformed with a cloned gene, Xa21, through particle bombardment. Molecular analysis of transgenic plants revealed the presence of a 3.8-kb EcoRV-digested DNA fragment corresponding to most of the Xa21 coding region and its complete intron sequence, indicating the integration of Xa21 into the genome of ‘IR72’. In the T₁ generation, the transgene was inherited and segregated in a 3:1 ratio. After inoculation with the prevalent races 4 and 6 of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo), T₁ plants positive for the transgene were found to be resistant to bacterial blight (BB). We also observed that the level of resistance to race 4 of Xoo was higher due to the pyramiding of Xa21 and Xa4 present in ‘IR72’. Since the inactivation of the transgene Xa21 occurred in the two transgenic T₁ plants, a larger progeny should be obtained for selecting homozygous line with a …