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To examine how tributyltin (TBT), a model obesogen, affects the lipid metabolism in the marine rotifer Brachionus koreanus, we carried out life-cycle studies and determined the in vitro and in silico interactions of retinoid X receptor (RXR) with TBT, the transcriptional levels of RXR and lipid metabolic genes, and the fatty acid content. The lethal concentration 10% (LC10) was determined to be 5.12 μg/L TBT, and negative effects on ecologically relevant end points (e.g., decreased lifespan and fecundity) were detected at 5 μg/L TBT. On the basis of these findings, subsequent experiments were conducted below 1 μg/L TBT, which did not show any negative effects on ecologically relevant end points in B. koreanus. Nile red staining analysis showed that after exposure to 1 μg/L TBT, B. koreanus stored neutral lipids and had significantly increased transcriptional levels of RXR and lipid metabolism-related genes …