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Recent studies have suggested an association between a deletion (D) variant of the angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE) gene and diabetic nephropathy. However, this finding has not been confirmed by all investigators. Furthermore, an M235T variant of the angiotensinogen (AGT) gene has been associated with hypertension, an important risk factor for the development and progression of diabetic nephropathy. The objective of our study was therefore to examine the relationship between these genetic variants of the renin-angiotensin system and diabetic nephropathy and hypertension, respectively, in a large (n = 661) group of Caucasian patients with insulin-dependent (n = 360) or non-insulin-dependent (n = 301) diabetes mellitus. The study had a power of 0.8 to detect a doubling of risk of nephropathy or hypertension in patients with the ACE-DD or AGT-235TT genotype, respectively. Allelic …