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Female sperm whales Physeter macrocephalus are top predators in mesopelagic ecosystems, integrating chemical information about ecosystems through their diet. Proxies for diet and habitat use may be useful to learn about how sperm whales’ foraging behavior and environment change through time. We measured stable isotopes of carbon (δ 13 C) and nitrogen (δ 15 N) from individual growth layer groups from the teeth of 10 female sperm whales, to track changes in diet and habitat use from ca. 1926 to 1960. We found that bulk δ 13 C and δ 15 N records fell into 3 temporal patterns, which may indicate different ontogenetic changes in diet, habitat, or both. Average bulk δ 13 C and δ 15 N values for each tooth were positively correlated, and individual whales generally separated according to temporal patterns. To determine the underlying driver of the bulk relationship, we measured δ 13 C and δ 15 N values …