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Human activities are the main drivers of biotic homogenization, thus affecting ecosystem functions. In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship among anthropogenic disturbances and forest attributes. Moreover, we sought to identify direct and indirect effects of topographic heterogeneity (TH), more specifically of standard deviation of altitude, on anthropogenic disturbances and forest attributes, respectively, through a path analysis. We used data gathered on 186 systematically distributed sample plots located in the Brazilian subtropical Evergreen Rainforest. We selected 14 predictor variables related to anthropogenic disturbances aiming to model seven forest attributes related to species diversity, composition, and structure. The aboveground biomass, rarefied species richness, proportion of standing dead trees, and proportion of individuals of pioneer species in the regeneration layer were better …