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The induction of hypertrophy of cardiac and skeletal muscles has been studied after treatment with two different salbutamol dosages, therapeutic and doping.

Treatment of rats subjected to a physical training schedule with repeated doses (16 μg kg⁻¹ per day or 3 mg kg⁻¹ per day) of salbutamol, a specific β-adrenergic agonist, induced a marked increase in both skeletal and heart-muscle weight, whereas total body weight did not change significantly. Adrenergic involvement of salbutamol-linked muscle hypertrophy was demonstrated by co-administration of the non-specific β-adrenergic antagonist, propranolol (20 mg kg⁻¹ per day). Salbutamol-induced muscle hypertrophy was associated with an increase in serum, skeletal-muscle and heart levels of the naturally occurring polyamines putrescine, spermidine and spermine.

These observations suggest the involvement of polyamines in muscle …