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Objectives:

The stability of the reservoir of latently infected memory CD4+ T-cells may be associated with continuous replenishment from residual HIV-1, not completely eliminated by otherwise successful antiretroviral therapy (ART). Treatment intensification could help to control residual virus and to modify the latent reservoir. The objective of this work is to assess the effect of intensifying therapy with raltegravir on the HIV-1 cell reservoir.

Design:

A pilot open-label phase-II clinical trial was performed to analyze ART intensification with raltegravir after 48 weeks in chronically HIV-1-infected patients on stable ART.

Methods:

We measured the number of latently infected memory CD4+ T cells, residual viremia, 2-long terminal repeat circles, CD4+/CD8+ T-cell activation, lymphocyte subpopulations, gut homing receptor, and bacterial translocation.

Results:

A significant decay of HIV-1 latent reservoir was observed after …