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Purpose.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of test design (crowding) and age on visual acuity in a sample of young children.

Methods.

Vision was measured in 103 children aged between 4 and 9 years using five different visual acuity tests. The tests included three crowded tests: logMAR Crowded test, the Sonksen logMAR test, and the Crowded Kay Picture test, and two single optotype tests: the Single Kay Picture and Sheridan Gardiner tests. Tests were presented in a random order using standardized instructions and a defined end-point. Results were analyzed in two age groups, younger (4 to 6 years) and older (7 to 9 years).

Results.

In both groups, there was a significant main effect of test on acuity (younger: F= 63.92, dF= 4, p< 0.001; older: F= 63.59, dF= 4, p< 0.001). In the younger group, an effect of crowding was seen in all three crowded tests, but in the older group, an effect of crowding was …