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The aim of this essay is to identify the significance of animal research, and how such research can help us to understand the functioning of the human brain. Although techniques such as Electroencephalography (EEG), Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), and Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) uniquely contributes to brain research, this essay will focus on the advantages of conducting research using animal models, a brief historical perspective, and ethical issues and limitations surrounding this technique. Overall it will evaluate how such research technique has contributed to improve our knowledge of the human brain functioning.