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Background: Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for about half of deaths and are the major cause of mortality in hemodialysis patients. The aim of this study is to assess left ventricular (LV) longitudinal myocardial functions by color tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) in patients with chronic renal failure on a regular hemodialysis program. Methods: Thirty‐one patients on a regular hemodialysis program (mean age 47 ± 12 years; 17 males, 14 females) were included into the study. Twenty‐three healthy subjects (mean age 44 ± 8 years; 15 males, 8 females) were studied as a control group. The patients had been on maintenance hemodialysis for at least 1 month and hemodialysis sessions were three times per week. For color TDI, apical two‐ and four‐chamber views of left ventricle were used. Sample volumes were placed on the mid‐left ventricle in the inner half of the myocardium at the septum, lateral, inferior, and …