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In this study, an evaluation was performed to determine the in vitro bioactivity, viability of stem cells, and antibiofilm effect against Streptococcus mutans of two bioactive gel-glass 60SiO₂–36CaO–4P₂O₅ (BG-A) and 80SiO₂–15CaO–5P₂O₅ (BG-B) compositions. Both materials were bioactive and undergo the formation of hydroxycarbonate apatite (HCA) on their surfaces when immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF) after 12 h, but the BG-A composition showed a more significant formation rate. The pH variation of the samples during the test in SBF indicated that an abrupt change had occurred for the BG-A composition within the first few hours, and the pH was subsequently maintained over time, supporting its stronger antibacterial effects against S. mutans. For the in vitro viability test using mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), the BG-B showed significantly higher cell viability compared to the BG-A composition at …