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Linguatula serrata is one of the parasitic zoonoses causing visceral and nasopharyngeal linguatulosis in human beings. Recently, L. serrata found a more public health importance, and new cases of human infection is reported from different parts of Iran including the Fars Province. Infected vegetables, fruits, and water resources with eggs of the mature parasite excreted via carnivores’ (especially stray dogs) nasopharyngeal secretions or feces is the main source of infecting human beings. However, consumption of infected improperly cooked viscera of the intermediate hosts including sheep, goats, cattle, or other herbivores containing the larval stages of this parasite is the other potential source of infection of human beings. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence of this parasite in stray dogs of Shiraz, the capital city of the Fars Province in Southern part of …