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We sought to develop and test a clinically feasible 1‐point Dixon, three‐dimensional (3D) radial acquisition strategy to create isotropic 3D MR images of ¹²⁹Xe in the airspaces, barrier, and red blood cells (RBCs) in a single breath. The approach was evaluated in healthy volunteers and subjects with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).

A calibration scan determined the echo time at which ¹²⁹Xe in RBCs and barrier were 90° out of phase. At this TE, interleaved dissolved and gas‐phase images were acquired using a 3D radial acquisition and were reconstructed separately using the NUFFT algorithm. The dissolved‐phase image was phase‐shifted to cast RBC and barrier signal into the real and imaginary channels such that the image‐derived RBC:barrier ratio matched that from spectroscopy. The RBC and barrier images were further corrected for regional field inhomogeneity using a phase …