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Sleep is critical to a variety of cognitive functions and insufficient sleep can have negative consequences for mood and behavior across the lifespan. An important open question is how sleep duration is related to functional brain organization which may in turn impact cognition. To characterize the functional brain networks related to sleep across youth and young adulthood, we analyzed data from the publicly available Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset, which includes n‐back task‐based and resting‐state fMRI data from adults aged 22–35 years (task n = 896; rest n = 898). We applied connectome‐based predictive modeling (CPM) to predict participants' mean sleep duration from their functional connectivity patterns. Models trained and tested using 10‐fold cross‐validation predicted self‐reported average sleep duration for the past month from n‐back task and resting‐state connectivity patterns. We …