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Volumes of hemorrhage and perihematomal edema (PHE) are well-established biomarkers of primary and secondary injury, respectively, in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. An automated imaging pipeline capable of accurately and rapidly quantifying these biomarkers would facilitate large cohort studies evaluating underlying mechanisms of injury.

Regions of hemorrhage and PHE were manually delineated on computed tomography scans of patients enrolled in 2 intracerebral hemorrhage studies. Manual ground-truth masks from the first cohort were used to train a fully convolutional neural network to segment images into hemorrhage and PHE. The primary outcome was automated-versus-human concordance in hemorrhage and PHE volumes. The secondary outcome was voxel-by-voxel overlap of segmentations, quantified by the Dice similarity coefficient (DSC …