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Objectives: By increasing the occurrence of transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation, baclofen can alleviate gastroesophageal reflux-related symptoms in healthy subjects and patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Medline, Embase, ScienceDirect, ClinicalTrials. gov and the Cochrane Central Database of Randomized Controlled Trials for randomized controlled trials conducted prior to November 2019. We also carried out a meta-analysis of all qualifying trials. Results: A total 283 patients and healthy subjects were identified in nine studies. Comparative analysis provided high-quality data supporting baclofen's ability to promote a short-term reduction in the number of reflux episodes per patient, the average length of reflux episodes, and the frequency of intermittent lower relaxation of the esophageal sphincter. There had been no documented serious adverse effects or death events, and there were no significant differences between baclofen and placebo in the total adverse events. All reported baclofen side effects were mild to moderate, and the medication was well tolerated.

Inference: Substantial evidence suggests that baclofen may be a successful approach to treating GERD patients; however, this recommendation would be further supported by a larger well-designed trial.