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Background: Although robotic-assisted gait training (RAGT) is becoming a standard method in stroke rehabilitation, its effect on chronic stroke patients is uncertain.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate whether anodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) enhances the effect of RAGT on functional ambulation in chronic stroke patients.

Methods: Chronic hemiplegic stroke patients with a Functional Ambulatory Category (FAC) score≤ 4 were randomly assigned to either the RAGT with anodal tDCS (Anodal) group or sham tDCS (Sham) group. The patients were provided with RAGT for 45 min after allocated tDCS on the leg motor cortex in the impaired hemisphere for 20 min every weekday for 2 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the FAC, and the secondary outcome measures included 10-m walking test, 6-min walking test, Berg Balance Scale, Fugl-Meyer assessment of the lower extremity …