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Artificial intelligence (AI) concepts, techniques, and tools have been utilized in medical applications for over four decades. The overall goal has been to benefit health care by assisting health care professionals in improving their effectiveness, productivity, and consistency. Improvements in accuracy and efficiency of AI techniques have steadily increased AI’s viability as a choice for tackling problems in medicine. The availability of AI software has played a significant role in the further adoption of AI for medical applications. AI techniques have been successfully applied to the medical domain, and AI systems are being integrated into health care. Applications of AI span a wide and diverse range of fields in medicine. In addition to more traditional medical applications of AI (diagnosis, therapy, automatic classification, rehabilitation), more recent applications include disease genes, wearable computing, hospital …