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Objective:

To investigate the independent effect of food form on appetite and energy intake in lean and obese adults using high carbohydrate, fat or protein food stimuli.

Design:

Crossover dietary challenge with matched beverage and solid food forms: high carbohydrate (watermelon and watermelon juice); high protein (cheese and milk); high fat (coconut meat and coconut milk).

Subjects:

A total of 120 lean (18–23 kg/m 2; N= 60) and obese (30–35 kg/m 2; N= 60) adults (18–50 years old) with stable body weight. Forty different participants (N= 20 lean and 20 obese) were tested with each of the food systems.

Measurements:

Appetitive sensations, food palatability and dietary intake.

Results:

Regardless of the predominant energy source, the beverage food form elicited a weaker compensatory dietary response than the matched solid food form. Thus, total daily energy intake was significantly higher by 12.4, 19 and 15% on …