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In spite of the increase in the use of herbal medicines, there are inadequate research on their effectiveness and toxicity. Plantago rugelii is commonly used in Nigeria folk medicine as an antimicrobial agent and topical agent for open wounds amongst others. This study investigated the phytochemical composition, quantitative proximate parameters, acute toxicity and the anti ulcer capabilities of the whole plant consisting of the roots, stem and leaves using various experimental animal models and established methods. Results confirmed the presence of alkaloids, saponins, carbohydrate, reducing sugars, deoxy sugars, phytosterols, protein and flavonoids. Moisture content (39.64±1.09%), total ash (17.22±0.22%), water insoluble ash (6.27±0.18%), acid insoluble ash (4.93±0.36%), alcohol soluble extractive (0.98±0.04%) and water soluble extractive (0.25±0.06%) values were obtained from the quantitative proximate …