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Penaeid shrimp hatcheries often beset with diseases, mainly with the bacterial infections. Most of the symptoms agree with the Vibriosis, which is considered as one of the fatal causes for the mass mortality in the penaeid shrimp hatcheries. In this study we collected a total of eighteen samples from different hatcheries of Cox’s Bazar during July 2007 disease outbreak and adjacent coastal waters during May 2008. Overall, thirteen species of Vibrio were identified on the basis of biochemical tests. This work reports the prevalence of Vibrio spp in the coastal waters of Bangladesh, and identifies the existence of V. harveyi, V. metschnikovii, V. nereis, V. alginolyticus and some eight unidentified colonies of Vibrio spp. Their existence indicates the regular failure of medication and treatments offered in the hatcheries for known vibriosis. We report a handful number of antibiotics to combat the disaster caused by vibriosis in the hatcheries.