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Research on how to improve work ability and health of workers is essential for prolongation of working lives. Therefore, this study assessed the impact of 1) within-individual improvements, and 2) within-individual deteriorations in working conditions, health behavior and BMI on changes in work ability and self-rated health among workers.

The Dutch Study on Transitions in Employment, Ability and Motivation (STREAM) was used to identify participants whose working conditions, health behavior, and BMI improved (N = 14,045) or deteriorated (N = 14,066) at least once during 7 year follow-up (2010-2017). The impact of within-individual improvements and deteriorations in health behavior (moderate- and vigorous physical activity, smoking status), BMI, psychosocial (psychological- and emotional job demands, autonomy, social support) and physical working conditions in a given year on …