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Background: This meta-analysis outlines the role of elevated lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels in assessing the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Methods: The current study was designed as a systematic review and meta-analysis. Embase, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched to identify the usefulness of LDH as a marker of COVID-19 severity. All extracted data were analyzed using RevMan V. 5.4 or STATA V. 14 software.

Results: A total of 264 records were selected for this meta-analysis. Pooled analysis showed that LDH levels were statistically significantly lower in the group of survivors compared to patients who died in hospital (standardized mean differences [SMD]=–3.10; 95% confidence interval [CI]:–3.40 to–2.79; I 2= 99%; p< 0.001). Lower LDH levels were observed in non-severe groups compared to severe course of COVID-19 (SMD=–2.38; 95% CI:–2.61 to–2.14; I 2= 99%; p< 0.001). The level of LDH was statistically significantly lower in the severe group compared to the critical group (SMD=–1.48; 95% CI:–2.04 to–0.92; I 2= 98%; p< 0.001). Patients who did not require treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU) showed significantly lower levels of LDH compared to patients who required treatment in the ICU (SMD=–3.78; 95% CI:–4.48 to–3.08; I 2= 100%; p< 0.001).

Conclusions: This meta-analysis showed that elevated LDH was associated with a poor outcome in COVID-19.(Cardiol J 2022; 29, 5: 751–758)