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Background: Total Artificial Heart (TAH) is a viable bridge to transplant (BTT) strategy for patients with severe biventricular failure, or complex congenital heart disease. These patients have higher mortality and morbidity compared with patients undergoing left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation.

Objective: To assess national trends in in-hospital mortality, major complications, cost, length of stay and disposition of patients undergoing TAH implantation.

Methods: Data from the National Inpatient Sample, the largest all-payer inpatient data set in the United States, and the US Census Bureau, for the years 2009 to 2015 were analyzed. Participants included all adult patients who received TAH from 2009 to 2015. End points included in-hospital mortality, in-hospital complications, heart transplantation (HT) in the same admission, length of stay, cost, and disposition at the time of discharge.

Results: We identified a …