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Prophylactic central lymph node dissection with total thyroidectomy (TT) for the treatment of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is controversial because of the possibility of increased morbidity with uncertain benefit. The purpose of this study is to determine whether prophylactic central neck dissection provides any advantages over TT alone.

Retrospective cohort study of patients with PTC without preoperative evidence of lymph node involvement undergoing either TT or TT with bilateral central lymph node dissection (TT + BCLND).

From 2002 to 2009, 143 patients with clinically node-negative PTC underwent either TT (n = 65) or TT + BCLND (n = 78). The groups were similar in age, gender, tumor size, multifocality, angioinvasion, and metastasis/age/completeness-of-resection/invasion/size score. The presence of involved central neck lymph nodes upstaged 28.6% of patients in …