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To assess the association between non-hypervascular hypointense nodules (NHHNs) on gadoxetic acid-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and liver stiffness (LS) in patients with chronic liver disease, and analyzed their progression to overt hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Between August 2012 and March 2016, a total of 714 consecutive patients who had undergone transient elastography for LS measurement and gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI were investigated. The association between the presence of NHHNs on the hepatobiliary phase and LS, and the patient’s HCC status [none, presence of treatment-naïve HCC, or a history of previous HCC treatment] was assessed. In patients with these nodules, cumulative progression rates of nodules to overt HCC were compared with rates of new HCC development in other parts of the liver.

The prevalence of NHHNs was 16.8% (120 …