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BACKGROUND: Despite the severity and the prognosis value of undernutrition in haemodialysed patients, no large study is available as yet in Europe. Hence, this French National Cooperative Study aimed to determine the prevalence of undernutrition and its relationship to dialysis efficacy. METHODS: Nutritional status was determined in 7123 patients (i.e. one-third of the French haemodialysis population) using body mass index (BMI), predialysis haemoglobin, albumin, pre-albumin, cholesterol, and also normalized protein catabolic rate (nPCR) and lean body mass (LBM) calculated from pre- and postdialysis urea and creatinine. Dialysis treatment was estimated from weekly dialysis time and KtV determination. RESULTS: Dialysis time was 12.4+/-2.7 h/week and KtV 1.36+/-0.36. BMI was below 20 kg/m2 in 24% and the observed/expected LBM ratio below 90% in 62%. Albumin, pre-albumin and nPCR were …