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Sixteen young, healthy males each performed five to seven randomly assigned, exhaustive exercise bouts on a cycle ergometer, with each bout on a separate day and at a different power, to compare estimates of critical power (PC) and anaerobic work capacity (W') among five different models: t= W'/(Pmax-PC)(two-parameter nonlinear); t=(W'/P-PC))-(W'/(Pmax-PC))(three-parameter nonlinear); Pt= W'+(PC. t)(linear (Pt)); P=(W'/t)+ PC (linear (P)); P= PC+(Pmax-PC) exp (-t/tau)(exponential). The data fit each of the models well (mean R2= 0.96 through 1.00 for each model). However, significant differences among models were observed for both PC (mean+/-standard deviation (SD) for each model was 195+/-29 W through 242+/-21 W) and W'(18+/-5 kJ through 58+/-19 kJ). PC estimates among models were significantly correlated (r= 0.78 through 0.99). For W', between-model correlations ranged from 0.25 to 0.95. For a group of six subjects, the ventilatory threshold for long-term exercise (LTE Tvent; 189+/-34 W) was significantly lower than PC for all models except the three-parameter nonlinear (PC= 197+/-30 W); PC for each model was, however, positively correlated with LTE Tvent (r= 0.69 through 0.91).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)