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Gracilaria verrucosa, an edible seaweed, has traditionally been used as a raw material for agar and a thickener. It is being studied for its various bioactive functions such as antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, hypoglycemic activity, and anti-inflammatory. Despite extensive research, there were no studies on the sedative-hypnotic effects of Gracilla verrucosa. This study aimed to optimize the conditions for preparation of Gracilaria verrucosa ethanol extract (GVE) with high sedative-hypnotic activity using response surface methodology (RSM). The independent variables were ethanol concentration (X1,%), extraction temperature (X2,℃), and extraction time (X3, h), and the dependent variables were sleep duration (Y1, min), total phenolic content (TPC; Y2, mg phloroglucinol equivalents (PGE)/g), and yield (Y3,%). The experiment was designed using Central Composite Design (CCD) which consists of 23 factorial …