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The aims of this study were to: (i) Determine if there were significant bone mineral density and muscle strength differences between intact and amputated limbs, and (ii) investigate the possible relationship between local bone loss and muscle strength in transtibial amputees. Fifteen male veterans with traumatic unilateral transtibial amputations who ranged in age from 18–45 years were included in this prospective study. Lower limb muscle strength was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to determine bone mineral density of the femur and tibia. The bone mineral density values of the femur and tibia were found significantly decreased on the amputated side. Significant decreases (p < 0.001) in strength of the quadriceps and hamstrings were observed in the amputated limb. There was a weak correlation between quadriceps strength and total femur bone mineral …