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 Here, we explore how interannual variations in environmental factors (i.e. temperature, precipitation and light) influence CO₂ fluxes (gross primary production and ecosystem respiration) in terrestrial ecosystems classified by vegetation type and the mycorrhizal type of dominant plants (arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) or ectomycorrhizal (EM)).

 We combined 236 site‐year measurements of terrestrial ecosystem CO₂ fluxes and environmental factors from 50 eddy‐covariance flux tower sites with information about climate, vegetation type and dominant plant species.

 Across large geographical distances, interannual variations in ecosystem CO₂ fluxes for EM‐dominated sites were primarily controlled by interannual variations in mean annual temperature. By contrast, interannual variations in ecosystem CO₂ fluxes at AM‐dominated sites were primarily controlled by interannual variations in precipitation …