作者
Jenny T Van der Steen, Elizabeth L Sampson, Lieve Van den Block, Kathryn Lord, Hana Vankova, Sophie Pautex, An Vandervoort, Lukas Radbruch, Pesach Shvartzman, Valentina Sacchi, Henrica CW de Vet, Nele JA Van Den Noortgate, EU-COST Action TD1005 Collaborators
发表日期
2015/11/1
期刊
Journal of pain and symptom management
卷号
50
期号
5
页码范围
659-675. e3
出版商
Elsevier
简介
Context
There is need for tools to help detect pain or lack of comfort in persons unable to communicate. However, pain and (dis)comfort tools have not been compared, and it is unclear to what extent they discriminate between pain and other possible sources of discomfort, or even if items differ.
Objectives
To map and compare items in tools that assess pain and the broader notion of discomfort or comfort in people with severe dementia or at the end of life.
Methods
Using qualitative content analysis with six classifications, we categorized each item of four thoroughly tested observational pain tools (Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia [PAINAD], Pain Assessment Checklist for Seniors with Limited Ability to Communicate [PACSLAC], Doloplus-2, and draft Pain Assessment in Impaired Cognition [PAIC]), and four discomfort tools (including distress, comfort, and quality of life in severe dementia or at the end of life …
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JT Van der Steen, EL Sampson, L Van den Block… - Journal of pain and symptom management, 2015