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Studies suggest T cells modulate arterial pressure. Because robust sex differences exist in the immune system and in hypertension, we investigated sex differences in T-cell modulation of angiotensin II–induced increases in mean arterial pressure in male (M) and female (F) wild-type and recombination-activating-gene-1–deficient (Rag1^−/−) mice. Sex differences in peak mean arterial pressure in wild-type were lost in Rag1^−/− mice (mm Hg: wild-type-F, 136±4.9 versus wild-type-M, 153±1.7; P<0.02; Rag1^−/−-F, 135±2.1 versus Rag1^−/−-M, 141±3.8). Peak mean arterial pressure was 13 mm Hg higher after adoptive transfer of male (CD3^M→Rag1^−/−-M) versus female (CD3^F→Rag1^−/−-M) T cells. CD3^M→Rag1^−/−-M mice exhibited higher splenic frequencies of proinflammatory interleukin-17A (2.4-fold) and tumor necrosis factor-α (2.2-fold)–producing T cells and lower plasma levels (13-fold) and renal mRNA …