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Geldanamycin (GA) is a naturally occurring benzoquinone ansamycin that induces heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70). GA has been shown to reduce α-synuclein induced neurotoxicity in a fly model of Parkinson’s disease. We have previously shown that heat shock proteins can prevent α-synuclein aggregation and protect against α-synuclein induced toxicity in human H4 neuroglioma cells. Here, we hypothesize that GA treatment will reduce α-synuclein aggregation and prevent α-synuclein induced toxicity and we show that GA can induce Hsp70 in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in H4 cells. Pretreatment with 200nM GA 24h prior to transfection prevented α-synuclein aggregation and protected against toxicity. Treatment of cells with pre-existing inclusions with GA did not result in a reduction in the number of cells containing inclusions, suggesting that upregulation of Hsp70 is not sufficient to remove …